Expansion of Indian Navy’s Operations
In 2024, the Indian Navy expanded its Operation Sankalp to ensure the safety of international shipping in the Red Sea and Strait of Hormuz, combating piracy and attacks on merchant ships.
The Navy’s increasing role as a preferred security partner highlights its operational preparedness, especially in undersea warfare.
The Cabinet cleared Project-77 for two nuclear-powered attack submarines (SSNs) at ₹40,000 crore, with delivery expected in 2036-37, positioning India as the only non-P5 nation to operate both SSBNs and SSNs.
Advances in Conventional Submarines
Project-75, in collaboration with France, will see the commissioning of the sixth Scorpene boat, INS Vaghsheer soon
Plans to order three more conventional submarines will strengthen India's undersea capabilities.
Project-75(I): India is set to procure air-independent propulsion (AIP)-enabled submarines, with Spain and Germany competing for the contract, further increasing indigenous content in India’s submarine fleet.
Project 75(I), with the bidders, Germany’s Thyssenkrupp Marine Systems (TKMS) and Spain’s Navantia, accepting India’s transfer of technology and indigenous content requirements
the first boat is likely to include a minimum of 45% indigenous content, rising to 60% in the sixth boat.
Emerging Technologies and Challenges
India approved the construction of 100-tonne Unmanned Underwater Vehicles (UUVs), enhancing undersea capabilities with a cost-effective, high-return option.
To build a balanced blue water force, India must address budgetary delays, acquisition mismatches, and streamline procurement processes to maintain the Navy’s strategic and operational readiness.
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