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Egypt has recently been certified malaria-free by WHO (October 20, 2024), after nearly 100 years of efforts.
It is the third country in the Eastern Mediterranean region and the 44th globally to achieve this milestone.
What is the Process for WHO Certification?
Countries need to have zero indigenous malaria cases for at least 3 consecutive years.
They must have a strong surveillance system to detect and respond to any potential imported cases.
The country submits a National Elimination Report, which is reviewed by WHO’s Malaria Elimination Certification Panel (MECP).
After field visits and report validation, WHO decides on certification.
Egypt’s Journey to Malaria-Free Certification
By 2001, Egypt controlled malaria and aimed for elimination.
In 2014, a small outbreak was controlled through quick action.
By expanding healthcare access and strengthening vector control, Egypt achieved malaria elimination.
Cross-border cooperation with Sudan and providing services to migrants helped prevent reintroduction.
India’s Strategy for Malaria Elimination
India aims to eliminate malaria by 2030.
Strengthening surveillance systems and ensuring every suspected case is tested and treated.
Widespread use of insecticide-treated nets and indoor spraying.
Focus on high-transmission areas like tribal, forest, and border regions.
Research and cross-border cooperation to prevent malaria reintroduction.
India has made significant progress, with 128 districts already in the "prevention of re-establishment" phase.
India’s Preparation for WHO Certification
India will undergo subnational verification for regions that achieve malaria-free status.
For national certification, it must demonstrate zero transmission for 3 years, backed by robust surveillance and response systems.
Way Forward
India faces challenges due to its diverse regions and migrant populations.
Climate change could facilitate the resurgence of malaria, requiring adaptive strategies and constant vigilance.
Surveillance and vector control need to be maintained to prevent the re-establishment of malaria.
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