Growing Burden of Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) in LMICs
NCDs (e.g., heart disease, diabetes, cancer) are now the leading cause of death in Low- and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs), including India.
Deaths from NCDs in LMICs are projected to rise significantly, from 61 million in 2023 to 92 million by 2050.
Early detection and treatment could prevent 25 million deaths annually by 2050.
Healthy Longevity Initiative (HLI)
The World Bank’s HLI aims to reduce avoidable deaths and improve quality of life across all ages.
The initiative emphasizes better healthcare, early detection of NCDs, and improving physical and mental functioning for older adults.
The HLI takes a life course approach to considering the linkages between human capital, NCDs, healthy longevity, economic, and well-being outcomes.
Challenges Faced by India
India’s elderly population (140 million over 60) is growing rapidly, with many facing NCDs like heart disease, diabetes, and cancer.
NCDs already account for almost 50% of deaths in India and are expected to rise to 75% by 2030.
Rural areas face challenges such as limited access to healthcare, and risk factors like tobacco use, unhealthy diets, and sedentary lifestyles are common.
Limitations of Government Initiatives
Social security schemes like Ayushman Bharat aim to cover the healthcare costs of the poorest 40%, but their impact is limited due to inadequate funding, strict eligibility, and corruption
Out-of-pocket expenses for healthcare remain high, especially due to expensive hospital treatments and travel costs for remote communities.
Private hospitals often inflate prices, and health insurance coverage is not fully accessible to those in need
Way Forward
Policy reforms should include better regulation of hospital pricing, improved insurance accessibility, and stricter enforcement of health standards
Behavioral changes, such as promoting physical activity, healthy diets, and limiting tobacco use, are crucial to reducing NCD risks.
Increased investment in healthcare infrastructure and services, particularly in rural areas, is essential for managing the NCD burden
Tackling NCDs requires a coordinated effort across public health, healthcare access, and lifestyle changes.
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