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Consanguinity Marriage and Inbreeding UPSC NOTE

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  Consanguineous marriage A consanguineous marriage is a union between two people who are related by blood , usually as second cousins or cl...

 Consanguineous marriage

  • A consanguineous marriage is a union between two people who are related by blood, usually as second cousins or closer.

  • It is different from incestuous marriages (a marriage between direct descendants like between father and daughter, mother and son, brother and sister).

  • Practices like the ‘Voni’ promise, an oral agreement made at a girl’s birth, enforce consanguinity in the above case.

Inbreeding

  • Inbreeding is the genetic outcome of consanguineous marriage. 

  • Inbreeding increases the degree of homozygosity to the offspring and also the expression of recessive traits.

    • In homozygosity, an individual inherits the same alleles for a particular gene from both parents leading to genetic disorders.

      • Alleles are different versions of the same gene. E.g., the gene for eye colour may have alleles for blue, brown, or green eyes.

  • Inbreeding increases the genetic load. 

  • Genetic load measures the rate of damage caused by the presence of certain deleterious or disadvantaged genes in the population.

  • The Hindu Marriage Act prohibits Sapindas marriage between two Hindus unless there is an established custom.

    • A sapinda marriage involves individuals who share a specific degree of familial closeness.

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Learnerz IAS | Concept oriented UPSC Classes in Malayalam: Consanguinity Marriage and Inbreeding UPSC NOTE
Consanguinity Marriage and Inbreeding UPSC NOTE
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