Factors Contributing to Deterioration of Air Quality in Delhi in Winter
The transition from monsoon to winter leads to lower wind speeds, trapping pollutants closer to the ground.
Increased burning of paddy stalks in nearby states adds significantly to pollution levels.
Emissions from vehicles and industries contribute notably to poor air quality.
Stubble Burning's Effect on PM 2.5 Levels
Stubble burning accounts for about 20%-40% of PM 2.5 pollution in Delhi during peak burning months.
Wind from Punjab and Haryana often brings pollution to Delhi, with every additional fire correlated with a rise in PM 2.5 levels.
On days with high stubble burning, such as October 23, contributions can spike PM 2.5 levels dramatically.
Role of Urban Emissions from Vehicles
Urban transport contributes approximately 18% to PM 2.5 pollution in Delhi.
Studies indicate that secondary inorganic aerosols (SIA) from urban emissions, along with biomass burning, are major contributors to air quality issues.
Despite a reduction in stubble burning, pollution levels remain high, indicating that urban emissions are a persistent problem.
Need for a Coordinated Approach
Pollution does not respect state borders; thus, a coordinated strategy among states is essential to address the shared air pollution crisis.
Effective policies require collaboration beyond Delhi to manage pollution sources collectively, recognizing that much of the pollution originates from outside the city.
The need for a comprehensive approach that addresses all sources of air pollution is crucial for long-term improvements in air quality.
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