Why in news
India recently eliminated trachoma as a public health problem, marking a major public health victory
India achieved a prevalence rate of 0.7%, indicating trachoma is no longer a major public health threat.
What is Trachoma
Trachoma is a bacterial infection caused by Chlamydia trachomatis that affects the eyes.
WHO has termed Trachoma as a neglected tropical disease (NTD)
It can lead to severe complications, including blindness, if left untreated.
The disease spreads through direct contact with infected individuals, contaminated water, or through flies.
Prevention measures include improved sanitation, hygiene practices, and access to clean water, along with medical treatment for affected
WHO’s Criteria
WHO considers trachoma eliminated as a health problem when:
Trachomatous trichiasis prevalence is below 0.2% in those aged 15 and older.
Active trachoma prevalence in children (1–9 years) is below 5%.
A health system is capable of managing new cases.
Epidemiological Challenges
While significant progress has been made, ongoing efforts are necessary to maintain low prevalence and prevent resurgence.
There are no vaccines for trachoma, complicating eradication efforts.
Regular surveys are essential to detect any new cases and sustain the elimination status.
Continuing the SAFE strategy (Surgery, Antibiotics, Facial cleanliness, Environmental improvements) is crucial for maintaining health outcomes.
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