Why in news
A government report highlighted a significant rise in atrocities against Scheduled Castes (SCs) and Scheduled Tribes (STs) in India, with nearly 97.7% of cases reported from just 13 states.
The report for 2022 reveals alarming statistics, prompting discussions on the need for effective measures to protect marginalized communities.
Report under the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities) Act by the Social Justice and Empowerment Ministry
States with Highest Atrocities on Dalits and Tribal People
Scheduled Castes (SCs)
Uttar Pradesh: 12,287 cases (23.78%)
Rajasthan: 8,651 cases (16.75%)
Madhya Pradesh: 7,732 cases (14.97%)
Other notable states: Bihar (6,799), Odisha (3,576), Maharashtra (2,706).
These six states account for nearly 81% of all SC-related cases.
Scheduled Tribes (STs):
Madhya Pradesh: 2,979 cases (30.61%)
Rajasthan: 2,498 cases (25.66%)
Odisha: 773 cases (7.94%)
Other notable states: Maharashtra (691), Andhra Pradesh (499).
Thirteen states reported 98.91% of all ST-related cases.
Judicial Response
Of SC-related cases, 60.38% resulted in charges being filed, while 14.78% were concluded due to false claims or lack of evidence.
For ST-related cases, 63.32% led to charges, with 14.71% closed similarly.
The conviction rate for cases under the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities) Act has declined to 32.4% in 2022, down from 39.2% in 2020.
Only 194 out of 498 districts have special courts for expedited trials, indicating a need for improved judicial infrastructure and efficiency.
The report underscores the necessity for targeted interventions in identified districts with high rates of atrocities.
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