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Van Allen radiation belts UPSC NOTE

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  Why in news In a paper published in the journal Science Advances, scientists from the University of Alaska Fairbanks reported discovering ...

 Why in news

  • In a paper published in the journal Science Advances, scientists from the University of Alaska Fairbanks reported discovering a new type of whistler wave produced by a previously unknown wave generation mechanism. 

  • They found lightning energy injected into the ionosphere at low latitudes could get reflected like a light from a mirror into the magnetosphere. 

  • This contradicted previous claims that energy insertion at low latitudes can’t escape the ionosphere.

What is Van Allen radiation belts

  • The Van Allen radiation belts are two doughnut-shaped zones of highly charged particles that surround the Earth.

  • They were discovered by American astrophysicist James Van Allen in 1958.

  • These belts are located in the Earth's magnetosphere, which extends from about 1,000 to 60,000 kilometers above the Earth's surface.

  • The belts are composed mainly of electrons and protons trapped by Earth’s magnetic field

  • They protect Earth from harmful solar and cosmic radiation by trapping charged particles that could otherwise damage living organisms and electronics.

  • There are two main belts

  • Inner Belt: Extends from about 600 to 12,000 kilometers above the Earth and is primarily composed of protons.

  • Outer Belt: Extends from about 13,500 to 60,000 kilometers above the Earth and contains mainly electrons.

  • Understanding these belts is crucial for planning space missions and protecting spacecraft and astronauts from radiation damage.

  • The belts can influence satellite operations and communications

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Learnerz IAS | Concept oriented UPSC Classes in Malayalam: Van Allen radiation belts UPSC NOTE
Van Allen radiation belts UPSC NOTE
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