What is Happening in IHR Towns?
Indian Himalayan Range (IHR) towns are expanding rapidly, with a decadal urban growth rate of over 40% from 2011 to 2021.
Cities like Srinagar, Guwahati, Shillong, and Shimla struggle with sanitation, waste management, and water issues.
Planning models from the plains are ineffective;
Local governments lack sufficient human resources.
Urban expansion is encroaching on village commons, forests, and watersheds, leading to increased built-up areas and reduced open spaces.
A significant portion of liquid waste enters water bodies untreated.
Why is This Happening?
Increased urbanisation and development are putting strain on resources.
Expanding tourism is leading to unsustainable infrastructure and resource use.
Changing precipitation patterns and rising temperatures exacerbate water scarcity, deforestation, and pollution.
Poorly designed infrastructure and waste management systems worsen environmental degradation.
Way Forward
Urban planning should be tailored to the unique geographic and climatic conditions of the Himalayas, involving local input and climate resilience.
Engage local communities in the planning process to address vulnerabilities and ensure sustainable development.
Increase intergovernmental transfers to Himalayan towns and develop a separate chapter on urban financing for the region.
Focus on eco-friendly tourism practices to preserve natural resources and biodiversity.
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