Implementation of the Citizenship Amendment Act in India
The Indian government officially notified the rules for implementing the CAA on March 11, 2024.
This paves the way for the law's application after its passage in December 2019.
Key Points of Implementation:
Who benefits: The CAA expedites citizenship for undocumented immigrants (excluding Muslims) from Pakistan, Afghanistan, and Bangladesh who belong to specific religious minorities (Hindu, Sikh, Buddhist, Jain, Parsi, Christian).
Eligibility Criteria: These immigrants must have entered India before December 31, 2014, and resided in the country for at least five years (reduced from the standard 11 years).
Required documents: Applicants need to prove their origin country, religious identity, date of entry, and basic Hindi, English, or any other Indian language proficiency.
Controversies:
Religious discrimination: Critics argue the CAA discriminates against Muslims seeking refuge, violating India's secular constitution.
Exclusion of other persecuted groups: Opponents point out the law excludes minority communities facing religious persecution in other neighboring countries.
Current Situation:
Several states, particularly those with significant Muslim populations, have expressed reservations about implementing the CAA.
However, legally, states cannot defy the Act as citizenship falls under the central government's jurisdiction.
How the application process works
The government launched an online web portal specifically for CAA applications.
Applicants can register using their email address and mobile number.
Application Steps:
Form Filling: The portal likely provides a digital form where applicants enter personal details, contact information, and relevant background information.
Document Upload: Required documents like passports, birth certificates, and proof of residence in India for the past five years need to be uploaded.
Language Test: The applicant might need to demonstrate basic proficiency in Hindi, English, or any designated Indian language.
Additional Points:
Mobile App: A mobile application named "CAA-2019" is planned for launch, offering a convenient way to apply through smartphones.
Application Fee: While no official announcement confirms a fee, staying updated on government pronouncements is advisable.
Eligibility criteria for applicants under the CAA
Eligible Communities: Hindus, Jains, Buddhists, Sikhs, and Parsis from Pakistan, Afghanistan, and Bangladesh who are fleeing persecution or seeking refuge are eligible to apply.
Residence Requirement: Applicants must have arrived in India before December 31, 2014.
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