Why in news
Last year 79% increase in the reporting of measles world wide.
The WHO voiced alarm at the rapid spread of measles around the world.
Its more than 3,06,000 cases reported last year.
The WHO’s estimate indicates that there were 9.2 million cases and 1,36,216 measles deaths in 2022.
Measles
Measles is a highly contagious infectious disease caused by a virus.
It is characterized by a fever, cough, runny nose, and a red, blotchy rash.
Measles can be a serious illness, and can lead to complications such as pneumonia, encephalitis (swelling of the brain), and death.
Symptoms of measles:
Fever
Cough
Runny nose
Watery eyes
Small white spots inside the cheeks (Koplik spots)
Red, blotchy rash that starts on the face and spreads to the rest of the body
Complications of measles:
Pneumonia
Encephalitis (swelling of the brain)
Ear infections
Seizures
Death
Prevention of measles:
The measles vaccine is the best way to prevent measles.
The vaccine is safe and effective, and it is given to children in two doses.
The first dose is usually given at 12 months of age, and the second dose is given at 4-6 years of age.
Treatment of measles:
There is no specific treatment for measles.
The illness usually runs its course in about 7-10 days.
People with measles should stay home from school or work to avoid spreading the virus to others.
They should also get plenty of rest and fluids.
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