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Conflict btw Minning company and communities. UPSC NOTE

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  Ongoing conflict between mining company and communities Hundreds of villagers, from Rayagada and Kalahandi districts in Odisha’s southern ...

 Ongoing conflict between mining company and communities

  • Hundreds of villagers, from Rayagada and Kalahandi districts in Odisha’s southern hilly area, had questioned a group of men repeatedly entering their villages.

  • They came to elicit support for the mining project, hiring a few local young men to build support from within the community.

  • Villagers are concerned that there water resource will polluted due to bauxite mining.

Ongoing conflict between mining company and communities

  • Currently, there are 62 tribes in Odisha.

  • All of them are in the hilly region.

  • 13 are from PVTG.

  • Hills comprise over 50% of the State, and those who live here are mostly from the ST and SC.

  • Sijimali and Kutrumali mines have been opened to Vedanta and Adani.

  • Baphlimali and Kodingamali mines, operated by the Aditya Birla Group and the Odisha Mining Corporation, respectively.

Ongoing conflict between mining company and communities

  • All forest-dwelling communities are part of their village gram sabhas that take major decisions collectively. 

  • They function under the Forest Rights Act, 2006 and Panchayat Extension to Scheduled Areas (PESA) Act, 1996.

  • Over 95% of the State’s bauxite reserves are concentrated in the East Coast Bauxite region.

  •  Particularly in the southern and western parts, including Koraput, Rayagada, Kalahandi, and Balangir districts, according to Odisha’s Directorate of Geology. 

Ongoing conflict between mining company and communities

  • Mundra Aluminium Limited, a subsidiary of the Adani Group, has secured bids for two bauxite mines in Rayagada and Koraput districts. 

  • The Vedanta Group has proposed an excavation of 9 MTPA (million tonnes per annum) of ore over an area of 1,549.022 hectares on the Sijimali bauxite deposit site.

  • In 2013, the Dongria Kondhs had thwarted a mining proposal by the Vedanta, through historic resolutions passed through their gram sabhas.

Ongoing conflict between mining company and communities

  • The region has 44 bauxite deposits, both small and large, all within 100 km .

  • The Gandhamardan hill, with 207 million tonnes of reserves, has been declared a biodiversity heritage site, a no-go mining zone. 

  • Deposits are typically found on plateaus ranging in elevation between 900 metres and 1,400 metres above sea level. 

  • The hills are steep, with limited vegetation at the peaks and denser growth along the slopes.


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Learnerz IAS | Concept oriented UPSC Classes in Malayalam: Conflict btw Minning company and communities. UPSC NOTE
Conflict btw Minning company and communities. UPSC NOTE
Learnerz IAS | Concept oriented UPSC Classes in Malayalam
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