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Green Revolution UPSC NOTE

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  Why in News Dr. M.S Swaminathan , father of green revolution in India, Passed away. India’s Green Revolution In mid 1960s India faced seve...

 

Why in News

Dr. M.S Swaminathan , father of green revolution in India, Passed away.


India’s Green Revolution

  • In mid 1960s India faced severe drought conditions.

  • This leads to “Ship in month” situation in India.

  • Ship to Month means, Importing goods from other countries via sea route.

  • India was heavily dependent on food grains import from USA.

  • M.S Swaminathan closely works with agricultural ministers from 1964 to 1977.

  • Green Revolution paved a quantum jump productivity and production on wheat and rice using chemical and biological technologies. 

  • The Green Revolution was an endeavour initiated by Norman Borlaug in the 1960s. He is known as the 'Father of Green Revolution' in world.

  • The Green Revolution resulted in a great increase in production of food grains due to the introduction into developing countries of new, high-yielding variety seeds, beginning in the mid-20th century.

Objectives of Green Revolution

  • The revolution was launched to address India’s hunger crisis during the second Five Year Plan.

  • The long term objectives included overall agriculture modernization based on rural development, industrial development; infrastructure, raw material etc

  • Increased employment opportunities to both agricultural and industrial workers.

  • Scientific studies in producing stronger plants which could withstand extreme climates and diseases.

  • By spreading technology to non-industrialized nations and setting up many corporations in major agricultural areas.


Basic Elements of the Green Revolution

  • Framing land  was not enough to meet the rising demand. The Green Revolution provided assistance in this quantitative expansion of farmlands.

  • Double cropping was a primary feature of the Green Revolution. The decision was made to have two crop seasons per year instead of just one.

  • The fact that , there is only one rainy season, water for the second phase come from huge irrigation projects and dams.

  •  Using seeds with superior genetics was the scientific aspect of the Green Revolution.


Basic Elements of the Green Revolution

  • The Indian Council for Agricultural Research(ICAR) developed new strains of high yield variety seeds, mainly wheat and rice, millet and corn.


 M.S Swaminathan

  • Born in Kumbakonam on August 7, 1925

  • 2 undergraduate degrees, including one from the Agricultural College, Coimbatore.

  • Postgraduate degree in cytogenetics in 1949 from IARI, New Delhi.

  • Doctor of Philosophy degree from the Cambridge.

  • Padma Shri in 1967.

  • Ramon Magsaysay award for community leadership in 1971.

  • Padma Bhushan in January 1972.

  • In 1987, he became the first to get the World Food Prize and the first foreigner to receive the Golden Heart Presidential Award of Philippines.

  • Padma Vibushan in 1989.


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Learnerz IAS | Concept oriented UPSC Classes in Malayalam: Green Revolution UPSC NOTE
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