What is GM Mustard?
DMH-11 is an indigenously developed transgenic mustard.
It is a genetically modified variant of Herbicide Tolerant (HT) mustard.
DMH-11 is a result of a cross between Indian mustard variety ‘Varuna’ and East European ‘Early Heera-2’ mustard.
It contains two alien genes (‘barnase’ and ‘barstar’) isolated from a soil bacterium called Bacillus amyloliquefaciens that enable breeding of high-yielding commercial mustard hybrids.
Barnase in Varuna induces a temporary sterility because of which it can’t naturally self-pollinate.
Barstar in Heera blocks the effect of barnase allowing seeds to be produced.
“Bar gene” maintains the genetic purity of hybrid seed.
What are the Safety Concerns associated with DMH-11?
The safety of genes used in the creation of the technique Barnase, Barstar and Bar is being questioned.
Effectiveness of “Bar Gene” is under question as per herbicide tolerance is concerned.
Way forward
Given the overwhelming political and technical consensus, the government needs to approach the issue of HT crops transparently and robustly with an emphasis on precaution.
More scientific trials
Better awareness
Rigorous monitoring is needed to ensure that safety protocols are followed strictly
Enforcement must be taken seriously to prevent the spread of illegal GM crops.
Further, Environmental impact assessment should be carried out by independent environmentalists.
COMMENTS