5G Technology UPSC Notes

5G Technology

The fifth-generation mobile network is referred to as 5G.
After 1G, 2G, 3G, and 4G networks, it is a new global wireless standard.
It allows for the creation of a new type of network that connects virtually everyone and everything, including machines, objects, and devices.
Internet speeds in the 5G high-band spectrum have been tested to reach 20 Gbps (gigabits per second), whereas the maximum internet data speed in 4G has been recorded at 1 Gbps in most cases.
5G mainly works in 3 bands, namely low, mid and high frequency spectrum

5G mobile technology can usher in new immersive experiences like Virtual Reality (VR) and Augmented Reality (AR) with faster, more uniform data rates, lower latency, and lower cost-per-bit, in addition to making our smartphones better.
5G can enable new services like remote control of critical infrastructure, vehicles, and medical procedures, which can transform industries
5G is designed to connect a massive number of embedded sensors in virtually everything by allowing data rates, power, and mobility to be scaled down, resulting in extremely lean and low-cost connectivity solutions.
5G could be a critical enabler of the fourth industrial revolution.

First 5G testbed that will enable start-ups and industry players to test their products locally, thereby reducing dependence on facilities abroad.
It was a significant step toward self-reliance in the telecom sector in terms of critical and modern technologies.
5Gi, India's own 5G standard, will play a key role in bringing 5G technology to the country's villages.
5Gi is a Made in India 5G standard developed by IIT Hyderabad and IIT Madras (Chennai).
5G technology would also improve the country's governance, as well as the quality of life and ease of doing business.
Every sector, including agriculture, health, education, infrastructure, and logistics, would benefit from this.
This will also improve convenience and open up a plethora of job opportunities.

Low Fiberization Footprint- need to upgrade fibre connectivity
A ban on certain foreign telecom OEMs (original equipment manufacturers), which are responsible for the majority of 5G technology development
Spectrum Pricing at a Premium
Critical infrastructures: 5G will necessitate a fundamental shift in the communication system's core architecture.
There are fears that the introduction of 5G mobile service will interfere with aircraft navigation systems.
Lack of suitable telecom companies with adequate capital
Upgrades to the latest cellular technology are required to transition from 4G to 5G technology, putting consumers at risk financially.